Ndeipi kupararira kweiyo Omicron musiyano?

Ndeipi kupararira kweiyo Omicron musiyano? Zvakadini nekukurukurirana? Pamberi peiyo mutsauko mutsva weCCIDID-19, chii chinofanira kutariswa neveruzhinji mubasa ravo remazuva ese? Ona mhinduro yeNational Health Commission kuti uwane ruzivo

Mubvunzo: Chii chiri kuwanikwa uye kuwanda kweOmicron akasiyana?
A:Muna Mbudzi 9, 2021, musiyano weCOVID-19 B.1.1.529 wakaonekwa kekutanga muSouth Africa. Mumavhiki maviri chete, mutant yakava mhedziso inochinja yenyaya nyowani dzehutachiona muGauteng Province, South Africa, nekukura nekukurumidza. Musi waMbudzi 26, uyo akaitsanangura sechishanu "mutsauko wekunetseka" (VOC), akatumidza bhiti rechiGiriki Omicron musiyano. Kubva muna Mbudzi 28, South Africa, Israel, Belgium, Italy, Britain, Austria neHong Kong, China yakanga yaongorora mapindiro emutant. Iko kupinza kweiyo mutant hakuna kuwanikwa mune mamwe matunhu nemaguta muChina. Iyo Omicron mutant yakatanga kuwanikwa uye yakashumwa muSouth Africa, asi hazvireve kuti hutachiona hwakavapo muSouth Africa, uye kuwanikwa kweiyo mutant haisiriyo nzvimbo yakabva.

Mubvunzo:Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvinobvira zvekubuda kweOmicron mutant?

A: Zvinoenderana neruzivo rwakagovaniswa neCCIDID-19 dhatabhesi GISAID, huwandu hwenzvimbo dzekuchinja dzeCCIDID-19's mutsauko wakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura iwo ese eCCIDID-19 akasiyana mumakore maviri apfuura, kunyanya muSpike. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti panogona kunge paine zvikonzero zvitatu zvinotevera:
(1) mushure mekutapukirwa neCCIDID-19, varwere vekushaya immune vakasangana nekushanduka kwenguva yakareba uye vakaunganidza huwandu hukuru hwekuchinja kwemuviri.
(2) hutachiona hweCCIDID-19 mune rimwe boka remhuka hwakaita shanduko mukufambiswa kwehuwandu hwemhuka, nehuwandu hwekuchinja hwakakwira kupfuura hwevanhu, uyezve huchiwira kuvanhu.
(3) shanduko yave muCOVID-19 genome kwenguva yakareba munyika dzakadzokera kumashure kana matunhu. Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwekugona kwekutarisa, kushanduka kwehutachiona hwechizvarwa chepakati hakugone kuonekwa nenguva.

Mubvunzo: Chii chinonzi transmissibility yeOmicron musiyano?
A: Parizvino, hapana dhata rekutsvagisa rakarongeka pamusoro pekutapurirana, pathogenicity uye kugona kupukunyuka kwekudzivirira kweOmicron mutant munyika. Nekudaro, Omicron mutant zvakare ine yakakosha amino acid mutation nzvimbo dzealpha (alpha), beta (beta), gamma (gamma) uye delta (delta) spike mapuroteni ekutanga mana eVOC mutants, kusanganisira masaiti ekuchinja anosimudzira cell receptor affinity uye hutachiona. kugona kudzokorora. Epidemiological and laboratory surveillance data inoratidza kuti huwandu hwenyaya dzakabatwa neOmicron mutant muSouth Africa hwawedzera zvakanyanya uye zvishoma kutsiva delta mutant. Iko kugona kutapurirana kunoda kumwe kutariswa nekutsvaga.

Q:Ko iyo Omicron musiyano inokanganisa sei vaccine uye antibody mishonga?
A: Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kana K417N, E484A kana N501Y shanduko ikaitika muCCIDID-19 S protein, kugona kupukunyuka kwemuviri kunowedzerwa. Paive nekatatu shanduko ye "k417n + e484a + n501y" muOmicron mutant; Pamusoro pezvo, kune mamwe machinjiro mazhinji anogona kuderedza kuita kwekuita kwemamwe masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anonzi monoclonal. Iyo yepamusoro-soro yekuchinja inogona kuderedza kudzivirira kweimwe antibody mishonga paOmicron mutant, uye simba rekudzivirira rekudzivirira rekudzivirira kwemishonga iripo inoda kutariswa nekudzidzwa.

Mubvunzo: Ko Omicron mutant inokanganisa nucleic acid yekuona reagents iri kushandiswa kuChina?
A: Genomic ongororo yeOmicron mutant yakaratidza kuti saiti yayo yekuchinja haina kukanganisa kunzwisiswa uye kujeka kweiyo mainin nucleic acid yekuona reagents muChina. Nzvimbo dzekuchinja dzekuchinja dzakanyanya kutariswa munzvimbo yakakwirira yeS protein gene, isingawanikwe munzvimbo yekutanga uye yekuferefeta nzvimbo yeiyo nucleic acid yekuona reagent yakaburitswa muchikamu chechisere cheNew Coronavirus pneumonia yekudzivirira nekudzora chirongwa (iyo ORF1ab gene neN gene yakaburitswa neChina CDC virus chirwere kunyika). Zvakadaro, data kubva kumarabhoritari akati wandei muSouth Africa inoratidza kuti iyo nucleic acid yekuona reagent ine chinangwa chekuonekwa cheS gene inogona kusakwanisa kunyatsoona S gene yeOmicron mutant.

Q:Ndeapi matanho anotorwa nenyika nematunhu akakodzera?
A: Nekuda kwekukurumidza denda reOmicron mutant muSouth Africa, nyika zhinji nematunhu, kusanganisira United States, United Kingdom, European Union, Russia, Israel, Taiwan neHong Kong, dzakarambidza kupinda kwevashanyi kubva. kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica.

Q:Ndeapi matanho ekuChina ekupikisa?
A: Nzira yekudzivirira uye yekudzora ye "yekunze yekudzivirira yekupinda uye yemukati yekudzivirira rebound" muChina ichiri kushanda kune Omicron mutant. Sangano rezvirwere zvehutachiona reChinese Center yeChirwere Kudzora nekudzivirira rakagadzira nzira yekuona nucleic acid yeOmicron mutant, uye inoenderera mberi nekuita hutachiona genome yekutarisa kune dzingangoitika nyaya dzekupinza. Matanho ari pamusoro achave anobatsira pakuonekwa nenguva kweOmicron mutants inogona kuendeswa kunze kwenyika kuChina.

Q:Ndeapi mazano ekuti ndiani wekubata neOmicron musiyano?
A: WHO inokurudzira kuti nyika dzese dzisimbise kutarisa kweCCIDID-19, kushuma uye kutsvagisa, uye kutora matanho anoshanda ehutano hweveruzhinji kumisa kutapurirana hutachiona. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti vanhu vatore matanho ekudzivirira kutapurira, anosanganisira kuchengetedza chinhambwe chingangoita 1m munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji, kupfeka masiki, kuvhura mahwindo ekupinza mhepo, kuchengeta maoko akachena, kukosora kana kuhotsira pamagokora kana matauro epepa, kubaya, nezvimwewo, uye kudzivisa kuenda kunzvimbo dzisina mhepo inopinza mhepo zvakanaka kana kuti dzine vanhu vakawanda. Kuenzaniswa nemamwe maVOC mutants, hazvina chokwadi kana kutapurirana, pathogenicity uye kugona kupukunyuka kwekudzivirira kweOmicron mutants kwakasimba. Mhedzisiro yekutanga ichawanikwa mumavhiki mashoma anotevera. Nekudaro, zvinozivikanwa kuti zvese zvakasiyana zvinogona kutungamira kuhurwere hwakakomba kana kufa, saka kudzivirira kutapurirana hutachiona ndiyo nguva dzose kiyi. Iyo nyowani yekudzivirira yekorona ichiri kushanda mukudzikisa kurwara kwakanyanya nerufu.

Q: Pamberi peiyo mutsauko mutsva weCCIDID-19, chii chinofanira kutariswa neveruzhinji mubasa ravo remazuva ese?
A: (1) Kupfeka mask ichiri nzira inoshanda yekuvhara kutapurirana kwehutachiona, uye inoshandawo kune iyo Omicron musiyano. Kunyangwe iyo yese nzira yekudzivirira uye yekuwedzera jekiseni yakapedzwa, zvinodikanwa zvakare kupfeka masiki munzvimbo dzemukati dzeveruzhinji, zvifambiso zveveruzhinji nedzimwe nzvimbo. Mukuwedzera, geza maoko nguva nenguva uye ita basa rakanaka mumhepo yemukati. (2) Ita basa rakanaka mukutarisisa hutano hwako. Munyaya yeinofungidzirwa novel coronavirus pneumonia zviratidzo zvakadai sefivha, kukosora, kupfupika kwekufema, nezvimwe, kutarisa panguva yekushisa kwemuviri uye kurapa kunoshanda. (3) Deredza kupinda nekubuda zvisina basa. Mumazuva mashoma, nyika zhinji nematunhu zvakatevedzana kuzivisa kutorwa kweOmicron mutant. China zvakare yakatarisana nenjodzi yekupinzwa kweiyo mutant, uye kunzwisisa kwepasirese kweiyi mutant kuchiri kushoma. Naizvozvo, kuenda kunzvimbo dzine njodzi huru kunofanirwa kudzikiswa, kuchengetedzwa kwemunhu panguva yekufamba kunofanirwa kusimbiswa, uye mukana wekutapukirwa neOmicron mutant unofanirwa kuderedzwa.